In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, ginger, cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, beat butter and brown sugar for 2-3 minutes at medium speed, until light and creamy. Add the molasses, egg yolk and vanilla and beat until combined. Scrape down the sides of the bowl as needed.
Reduce mixer speed to low and mix in the flour mixture.
Form the dough into a disk and wrap in plastic wrap. Chill in the refrigerator for at least 2 hours and up to 2 days.
When you’re ready to bake the cookies, preheat oven to 350° F.
Using a floured rolling pin, roll out the dough on a floured work surface to ¼-inch thickness. Use cookie cutters to cut cookies into desired shapes. Place on a parchment-lined baking sheet, about an inch apart. Re-roll scraps of dough until all dough has been used.
Baking time will vary depending on the size of your cookies. Medium (3-inch) gingerbread cookies bake for 7-9 minutes, and mini cookies bake for about 5-7 minutes. Larger cookies will take longer to bake. Let cookies cool for a few minutes on the baking sheet and then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.
To Decorate: Once cookies are cool, pipe icing onto cookies to decorate as desired. I use a piping bag and Wilton #2 piping tip to decorate these cookies. To make the icing, add the powdered sugar and vanilla to a medium bowl. Then stir in the water, 1 teaspoon at a time, until the icing reaches your desired consistency. It should be fairly thick for piping onto the cookies. If it's too thin, stir in a little more powdered sugar. If it's too thick, stir in a little more water.